What causes vaginal dryness during menopause?

Vaginal dryness during menopause is caused by declining estrogen, which thins and reduces the elasticity and natural lubrication of vaginal tissue. This can lead to discomfort, itching, or pain during intimacy, and in some cases increased susceptibility to irritation or infection.

This is a common and treatable part of menopause. Options include vaginal moisturizers, lubricants, and, where appropriate, localized or systemic hormone therapy prescribed by a doctor.